Phở (Pho)
Vietnamese NATIONAL dish: rice noodle soup in beef (phở bò) or chicken (phở gà) broth, with bean sprouts, coriander, Thai basil, lime, chilies. Early 20th century North Vietnam origin (Chinese influence + French pot-au-feu imported by colonisers). Phở Hà Nội (clear, pure) ≠ Phở Sài Gòn (sweeter, abundant garnishes).
Wikipedia ↗Bánh mì
Iconic Vietnamese sandwich: French baguette (1858-1954 colonial heritage) filled with pâté, terrine, grilled meat (pork xa xiu, chicken), pickled vegetables (carrot daikon), coriander, chili sauce, mayonnaise. Late 19th century Saigon invention. Voted « world's best sandwich » by The Guardian. ~25,000-40,000 VND (~€1.50).
Wikipedia ↗Bún chả + Nem rán
BÚN CHẢ: Hanoi specialty, grilled pork + meatballs in nuoc cham broth, bún (rice vermicelli), herbs — President Obama's favourite dish (2016, eaten with Anthony Bourdain in Hanoi, Bun Cha Huong Lien restaurant renamed « Obama Lien »). NEM RÁN (North) or Cha Gio (South): fried spring rolls with vegetables/prawns/pork.
Wikipedia ↗Bun bo Hue and cao lầu
BUN BO HUE: Hue specialty (centre), thick noodles in lemongrass + spicy chili broth, beef + sangsang (coagulated blood), nuoc cham. Spicier than phở. CAO LẦU: Hoi An-unique specialty, thick yellow noodles (cooked with special Ba Le well water, smoked), grilled pork, fried croutons.
Wikipedia ↗Cà phê sữa đá (iced coffee)
Iconic Vietnamese coffee: Robusta coffee (Vietnam = world's 2nd producer after Brazil), DROP-BY-DROP filtered in phin (traditional metal filter), poured over sweetened condensed milk + crushed ice — refreshing national drink. Variant: Egg Coffee (Cà Phê Trứng, Hanoi 1946, whipped egg yolk + sugar on black coffee).
Wikipedia ↗Goi cuon and fresh rolls
GOI CUON: fresh spring rolls (not fried), transparent rice paper wrapping pork, prawns, vermicelli, mint, coriander, chives, lettuce — served with hoisin-peanut sauce. Healthier and lighter than fried rolls. Represent Vietnamese culinary balance (raw-cooked, hot-cold, fresh-spicy).
Wikipedia ↗Bia Hà Nội and bia hơi (street beer)
BIA HÀ NỘI and Saigon Beer: national beers (4.7°). BIA HƠI (« pressure beer »): ultra-local street beer, freshly brewed morning and drunk evening (3-5,000 VND/glass i.e. €0.15-0.25), served in plastic cups on plastic stools on pavement. Unique social atmosphere — Vietnamese bia hơi communion.
Wikipedia ↗